Makkah Defence Alliance: 5 Essential Facts for Pakistan
akistan, Türkiye and Saudi Arabia have institutionalized their defence pact as the Makkah Defence Alliance, with Riyadh hosting the secretariat…
Makkah Joint Defence Agreement: Istanbul Meeting Tests a New Trilateral Security Framework
The Istanbul meeting marks the first institutional test of the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement between Türkiye, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.